• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a production of semi-finished products for a production of articles, in particular tools, from a precipitation-hardenable alloy having a composition in wt .-% Co = 15.0 to 30.0, Mo to 20.0, W to 25.0, Fe and production-related impurities as the remainder In order to achieve economical high-precision production with reduced expenditure of articles or tools of the above alloy, according to the invention it is provided that in the matrix of the type (Fe + (29xCo)) + about 1% by weight Mo of the semifinished product a shaping of order structures of the Fe - And co-atoms to prevent by a special thermal treatment and thus to improve the machinability of the material.
    公开号:AT515148A1
    申请号:T50820/2013
    申请日:2013-12-12
    公开日:2015-06-15
    发明作者:Gert Kellezi；Robert Tanzer；Christoph Turk
    申请人:Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Process for producing articles of iron-cobalt-molybdenum / tungsten-nitrogen alloys
    The invention generally relates to articles of iron-cobalt-molybdenum / tungsten-nitrogen alloys and to a production thereof.
    In more detail, the invention relates to a semi-finished article for producing articles and a method for improving the processability of precipitation-hardenable iron-cobalt-molybdenum / tungsten-nitrogen alloys.
    Precipitation-hardenable iron-cobalt-molybdenum and / or tungsten-nitrogen alloy tools or articles having a chemical composition in% by weight
    Cobalt (Co) 15.0 to 30.0
    Molybdenum (Mo) to 20.0
    Tungsten (W) up to 25.0
    Molybdenum + 0.5 tungsten (Mo + W / 2) 10.0 to 22.0
    Nitrogen (N) 0.005 to 0.12
    Iron (Fe) and manufacturing-related impurities as the remainder are known and disclosed, for example, in AT 505 221 B1.
    A production of the semifinished product takes place advantageously via powder metallurgical (PM) process, whereby a homogeneous material structure can be achieved.
    A person skilled in the art is aware of a PM production, in particular a production of a hot isostatically pressed (HIP) block of alloyed, melt-atomized powder, and therefore does not require any detailed explanation.
    The process for producing articles essentially involves hot-working the HIP block followed by cooling, after which the Fe-Co-Mo / WN material has a hardness of mostly 48-53 HRC, is extremely brittle, and does not require substantial machining allows.
    To prepare for a production of an article, in particular a tool, therefore, a soft annealing of the deformed block or semi-finished product in Austenitgebiet, ie above the AC3 temperature of the alloy, followed by a slow cooling.
    Such a heat treatment leads to a reduced hardness of the material of about 41 HRC and higher, a toughness K of about 14 J and an elongation at break in the range of Ac = 4% in the tensile test.
    At best, a dimensionally accurate production of an object optionally a tool from the soft annealed semi-finished or a soft annealed starting material by a machining laborious to carry out, with a straightening or aligning the fittings often leads to breakage of the blank.
    A thermal finish of the part made of the semifinished product is usually carried out by a heat treatment with a solution annealing, followed by quenching and tempering, wherein a hardness of the material of optionally 68 HRC can be achieved.
    An article, part or tool made of an Fe-Co-Mo / W-N alloy has best performance properties for a variety of special requirements, but requires a complicated manufacturing process due to the material.
    The invention is now based on the object to provide a semi-finished product made of an alloy having an aforementioned composition, from which high-precision objects or tools can be manufactured with reduced effort.
    It is a further object of the invention to reduce the hardness of the semifinished product and to increase the toughness and the elongation at break of the material, and thus to improve the processability of the alloy and the cost-effectiveness of its processing.
    The goal is achieved in a generic semifinished product, if this essentially of intermetallic phases of the type (FeCo) 6 (Mo + W / 2) 7 in a matrix of the type (Fe + (29xCo)) + about 1 wt .-% Mo formed is, wherein in the matrix substantially no order structures of the Fe and Co atoms are present or a formation of an Fe-Co-order structure is largely prevented and thus the material has a hardness of less than 40 HRC, a Schlagbiegearbeit K of unnotched samples of greater 16.0 J and a tensile reduction of more than 6.5% in the tensile test.
    According to a preferred form of the invention, the material has a tensile strength Rm of less than 1220 MPa and a yield strength RP0.2 of less than 825 MPa.
    A semifinished product according to the invention has the advantage of significantly improved machinability. On the one hand, the material hardness, which is usually in the range above 41 HRC, lowered to significantly below 40 HRC in the material according to the invention, which facilitates machining, on the other hand, the material brittleness is reduced and the toughness and deformability in the cold state improved, which is a straightening of the semifinished product within limits.
    These advantages are achieved by the fact that, as has been found, a material according to the invention has a substantially reduced order structure of the Fe and Co atoms in the matrix and thus enables low plasticity of the same, despite the high phase content, which is due to the achieved mechanical material values is disclosed.
    The further object of the invention is achieved in a method for producing a semifinished product mentioned by means of a special thermal treatment for dissolving an ordered structure of Fe-Co atoms in the matrix, wherein a heating and annealing of the part or material at a temperature between 600 ° C and 840 ° C with a time duration of greater than 20 minutes, after which the semifinished product is subjected to cooling with a cooling rate λ of less than 3 and thus a reduction or setting a hardness below 40 HRC with an improved material toughness, measured on the Bending work of unnotched samples K of greater than 16.0 J of the material takes place.
    It was completely surprising for the skilled worker that a resolution of the atomic structure order in the matrix in the temperature range of the upper ferrite of the alloy between 600 and 840 ° C after a corresponding period of time without obtaining a regulation is achievable and subsequently at high cooling rate, a largely disordered distribution the Fe and Co atoms in the matrix is retained, or can be frozen and thus an improvement in the workability of the semifinished product is created.
    After an economical finishing, for example, a tool from a semi-finished product according to the invention, a thermal hardening by solution annealing, followed by quenching and tempering of the article is largely feasible distortion-free, with a desired hardness of the material of 68 HRC, if necessary.
    The invention is to be explained in more detail on results from the development work.
    Show it:
    Fig. 1 shows the microstructure of an Fe-Co (Mo + W / 2) N alloy
    Fig. 2 shows the hardness as a function of the annealing temperature in the thermal
    Special treatment of the semi-finished product
    3 shows the hardness as a function of the cooling rate. FIG. 4 Fe-Co ordering structures from neutron diffrrectometry
    With samples of an alloy with a composition in wt .-% of Co = 25.2
    Mo = 14.9 W = 0.1
    Mo + W / 2 = 15.0 N = 0.02
    Fe = remnants and production-related impurities and a hardness of 48 to 53 HRC, which were produced from a PM-produced and hot isostatically pressed and deformed material, the investigations were carried out.
    One series of samples was annealed at a temperature of 1185 ° C and then cooled at 24 ° C / h. The hardness of 41.2 + 0.5 HRC impact bending 14.5 + 0.6 J elongation at break 4.8 + 0.2% = Ac tensile strength Rm 1290 + 20 MPa yield strength RP0.2 855 + 10 MPa
    A micrograph of the sample is shown in FIG. 1, wherein the matrix can be recognized as a dark region in which intermetallic phases (light) are embedded.
    On further, the same treated samples was a special thermal treatment at temperatures of 500 to 950 ° C at an annealing time or holding time to a temperature of 40 min and a cooling rate λ of less than 0.4.
    The cooling rate λ results from the cooling time of 800 ° C to 500 ° C broken by 100. λ = sec 100th
    A special annealing with a temperature of 500 ° C to 600 ° C results, as shown in FIG. 2,
    Range 1 shows hardness values of the material of 42 HRC. Higher annealing temperatures up to 850 ° C, as seen in area 2 and area 3 of Figure 2, reduce the material hardness to values up to 38 HRC, with a further increase in annealing temperature (area 4) causing a significant increase in hardness above 44 HRC.
    If the samples are held after a special annealing at 800 ° C for 30 min and then cooled with different λ values, average hardness values of 41.18 HRC at λ 10 decreasing to 38 HRC at λ 0.4 and less are achieved, as illustrated in Fig. 3 ,
    To determine the order structure of atoms in crystalline solids, the diffraction of neutron rays at the periodic lattice can be used. A periodic arrangement of atoms in the Fe-Co lattice leads to so-called superstructural reflections. The superstructure is the (100) reflection in the ordered B2 lattice.
    On soft annealed samples A and those with an additional special thermal treatment B, an ordering phase of the Fe and Co atoms in the matrix was determined by neutron diffractometry with a STRESS-SPEC diffractometer with a Ge 311 monochromator, wavelength 16 nm. FIG. 4 shows a comparison of a neutron diffraction pattern (100) of the superstructure / structure-structure reflections of samples A and B. FIG.
    Clearly, in a special treatment matrix B according to the invention, there is a largely disordered Fe-Co structure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. Semifinished product for the production of articles or tools and the like from a precipitation-hardenable alloy with a chemical composition in wt .-% of cobalt (Co) = 15.0 to 30.0 molybdenum (Mo) = to 10.0 tungsten (W) = to 25.0 (Mo + W / 2) = 10.0 to 22.0 nitrogen (N) = 0.005 to 0.12 iron (Fe) and impurities due to production = remainder after optionally powder metallurgical (PM) production and / or deformation, wherein the semifinished product consists essentially of intermetallic phases of Type (FeCo) 6 (Mo + W / 2) 7 in a matrix of the type (Fe + (29xCo)) + about 1 wt .-% Mo is formed, and in the matrix substantially no order structures of the Fe and Co atoms or a formation of an Fe-Co-order structure is largely prevented and thus the material has a hardness of less than 40 HRC, an impact bending work of unnotched samples greater than 16.0 J and a tensile reduction in the tensile test of greater than 6.5% au fweist. Hardness < 40 HRC impact bending work K > 16.0 J fracture constriction Ac > 06.05%
    [2]
    2. Semi-finished product according to claim 1, wherein the material has a tensile strength of less than 1220 MPa and a yield strength of less than 825 MPa. Tensile strength Rm < 1220 MPa yield strength RP0.2 < 825 MPa
    [3]
    3. A method for producing a semi-finished product for articles or tools and the like from a precipitation-hardenable alloy having a chemical composition in wt .-% of cobalt (Co) = 15.0 to 30.0 molybdenum (Mo) = to 20.0 tungsten (W) = to 25.0 ( Mo + W / 2) = 10.0 to 22.0 nitrogen (N) = 0.005 to 0.12 iron (Fe) and impurities due to production = remainder with improved machinability, whereby the material (PM material), optionally produced by powder metallurgy, optionally after deformation and soft annealing, a special thermal treatment for dissolving an ordered structure of (Fe-Co) atoms in the matrix, consisting of heating and annealing the part, at a temperature of between 600 and 840 ° C, with a period of time higher 20 min., Followed by cooling at a cooling rate of lambda less than 3.0 (λ <3.0) and thus to adjust the hardness f below 40 HRC and a toughness, measured on the impact work of unnotched KV samples of greater than 16.0 J of the material.
    [4]
    4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the material of the semifinished product after a special thermal treatment has a yield strength of less than 825 [MPa] (Rp0.2 <825 MPa), a tensile strength of less than 1220 [MPa] (Rm <1220 MPa) and a fracture constriction in the tensile test of greater than 6.5% (A> 6.5%).
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2122439A1|1971-05-06|1972-11-30|Crucible Inc|Tool steel - free of grain coarsening during austenitising|
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    法律状态:
    2020-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20191212 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
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